• The SMN and SMN promoters are regulated by transcription

  2025-01-21

  

  The SMN1 and SMN2 promoters are regulated by transcription factors such as E26 transformation-specific domain containing protein (ELK-1) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) 58, 59. Compared with WT animals, mice with SMA exhibit increased and decreased ELK-1 and CREB phosphorylation, re

• In addition AMPK reduces protein synthesis and stimulates

  2025-01-21

  

  In addition, AMPK reduces protein synthesis and stimulates apoptotic and autophagic pathways through the inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which regulates cellular metabolic homeostasis, insulin secretion, insulin resistance, autophagy and apoptosis (Maiese, 2016). mTOR is th

• A number of interesting anti inflammatory

  2025-01-21

  

  A number of interesting anti-inflammatory molecules have also been identified that are derived from AA or ω−3 fatty acids, including the lipoxins (for “lipoxygenase interaction products”), resolvins, and protectins [18], [19] (Fig. 1). The lipoxins are synthesized from AA by 5-, 12-, and 15-LOX, as

• Apocynin In glaucoma the primary retinal defect appears in

  2025-01-21

  

  In glaucoma, the primary retinal defect appears in the GCL, whereas the other retinal layers appear normal (Kendell et al., 1995). In the current work, chronic elevation of IOP induced RGC apoptosis, especially in the GCL, and α2 adrenergic treatment reduced RGC apoptosis. Various studies have repor

• Constitutive tyrosine kinase activity of BCR ABL fusion

  2025-01-21

  

  Constitutive tyrosine kinase activity of BCR/ABL fusion genes causes uncontrolled cell growth and is also thought to be responsible for a variety of changes in normal cellular functions like differentiation, adhesion, migration and apoptotic response in CML. Therefore it is important to know the exp

• In order to investigate their effects in

  2025-01-21

  

  In order to investigate their effects in vitro, therefore, we first used TE671 cells, which have provided a useful source of human AChR for in vitro and radioimmunoassay studies. We found no marked effect of either MuSK-MG or SNMG sera on AChR numbers or on AChR subunit expression. This appears to c

• Multiple ASD susceptibility genes converge on

  2025-01-21

  

  Multiple ASD susceptibility genes converge on cellular pathways that intersect at the postsynaptic site of glutamatergic synapses (Bourgeron, 2015; Peca & Feng, 2012), the development and maturation of synaptic contacts (Gilman et al., 2011) or synaptic transmission (Li et al., 2014). The majority o

• To understand the kinase selectivity

  2025-01-21

  

  To understand the kinase selectivity profile of this series, HDAC6 signaling inhibitor , as a representative analog from this series, was profiled against 216 purified protein kinases representing the tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase families using an in-house Caliper EZ Reader mobility shift a

• br Conclusion br Conflicts of Interest

  2025-01-21

  

  Conclusion Conflicts of Interest/Disclosures Acknowledgement This study was funded by the Ministry of Science of the Republic of Serbia (grant #175083). Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an antibody-mediated, neuromuscular transmission disorder, where the targets are postsynaptic p

• br Conclusions br Conflicts of interest br Acknowledgements

  2025-01-21

  

  Conclusions Conflicts of interest Acknowledgements This work was supported by Ege University Research Fund [BAP, 14-ECZ-030, 2016]. Introduction The interest in the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the aquatic environment continues to increase over the past decade, sp

• Many metalloenzyme inhibitors consist of two chemical compon

  2025-01-21

  

  Many metalloenzyme inhibitors consist of two chemical components: the MBG, the portion of the inhibitor designed to bind to the metal, and the scaffold, the portion of the inhibitor recognized by the amino Desfuroylceftiofur receptor residues that form the substrate-binding site of the metalloenzyme

• AXL is a member of the TAM Tyro Axl

  2025-01-21

  

  AXL is a member of the TAM (Tyro3, Axl, Mer) family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) [4]. Elevated AXL expression could promote oncogenic processes such as cell growth, migration, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which substantially contribute to tumor progression and poo

• Defining the multiple roles of autophagy in stroke has

  2025-01-21

  

  Defining the multiple roles of autophagy in stroke has been a rapidly evolving and exciting venue for translational research, with innovative products being applied from bench to bedside. Spanning pharmacological pathway manipulation and functional experimental validation, altered autophagy activati

• Zhang et al screened three thousand compounds library and

  2025-01-21

  

  Zhang et al. screened three thousand compounds library and found two active 3,5,6-substituted indolin-2-one molecules. Further, they designed various derivatives of this scaffold and among them compound 23 from the series was found active with 1.8 μM on Aurora-B kinase luminescent assay [53]. Jeffe

• SB505124 From an historical perspective ligands for GPCRs ad

  2025-01-20

  

  From an historical perspective, ligands for GPCRs (adrenaline, serotonin, SB505124 or morphine, to name a few) have been identified before their receptor counterparts, at a time when the concept of receptor itself was controversial [15]. Although many cognate receptors for endogenous ligands were r

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